A.N. Timofeev
Voronezh State Pedagogical University (VGPU), Russian Federation, Voronezh, Lenin St., 86
E–mail: www72@bk.ru
DOI: 10.33075/2220-5861-2019-1-23-26
UDC 57.043
Abstract:
Road dust resulting from friction of the wheels of road transport on the roadway, is a powerful anthropogenic factor capable of eliminating the vital activity of organisms. Getting into the respiratory tract of animals, dust particles cause various disturbances in the course of physiological processes of the body. Settling on the vegetative organs of plants, road dust hinders the processes of photosynthesis and stomatal respiration. These processes destabilize roadside ecosystems, leading to elimination of species in these areas and contributing to irreversible changes in their qualitative and quantitative composition.
In order to study the dynamic parameters of the dust precipitation, we propose an original design of the device that allows not only to estimate the amount of road dust accumulated per unit area per unit time, but also to perform a comparative analysis of the obtained indices from different points of the study. In addition, the device design allows taking into account the amount of road dust settling on the planes, oriented horizontally and vertically with respect to the earth surface or located at a certain angle to it. This design allows measuring the level of dustiness at different heights from the earth surface and at different distances from the roadway. In the upper part of the device there is a weather vane indicating the direction of the wind. When working with the device, among other things, additional abiotic factors of the environment such as humidity, wind force and wind speed, temperature, atmospheric precipitation can be measured and taken into account.
The device consists of a supporting pole to which 10 rails are fixed perpendicularly at a distance of 50 cm from each other. They are fixed at different angles to the surface of the earth for 10 counting plates, trapping road dust. After exposing the plates on the device for a certain time, they are removed and the dust weight is determined by the proposed methods.
Keywords: road dust, methods of studying road dust, dust precipitation, dust particles, fine dust.
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