Аnalisis of the changes in the concentration of ammonium nitrogen in water with the young mussels contained in aeriated non-flowing conditions in food insufficiency

by

I.I. Kazankova1, M.M. Bayrite2

1Institute of Natural and Technical Systems, RF, Sevastopol, Lenin St., 28

E -mail: ikazani@bk.ru

2The A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of Southern Seas of RAS, RF, Sevastopol, Nachimov Av., 2

DOI: 10.33075/2220-5861-2020-4-86-92

UDC 574.24:504.064.36 

Abstract:

   Metabolites released during the vital activity of hydrobionts can accumulate in the aquatic environment and negatively affect the state of organisms. These substances include ammonium, the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of which in the aquatic environment of reservoirs is about 3 mg l-1 for nitrogen. The article deals with changes in the concentration of ammonium in water during an eight-day experiment on the non-flowing content of immature mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis 24–26 mm long in food insufficiency. The remaining conditions of the experiment were favorable – aeration, water temperature 20–21 °C, daytime illumination below 50 lx. The food deficiency leading to starvation of mussels was ensured by the fact that the replacement of water with fresh sea water in the vessels took place every 2–4 days, there was one liter of water per mussel. Previously, the method of non-invasive high-frequency valvometry was determined that under the conditions listed above, mussels have an increase in the total time of the shell in the closed state, which was associated with food deficiency. The effect of metabolites released by mussels on the movement of the valves was not considered. To track the accumulation of ammonium released by mussels in the environment, its concentration was measured at the beginning and end of 2–4-day exposures. Initial concentrations of ammonium were 2.6–5.7, and at the end of exposures – 1.8–20.6 µg·l-1, which is 2–3 orders of magnitude lower than the MPC. Thus, under the conditions of the experiment, at the end of the exposures, compared with its initial content in fresh sea water, both an increase and a decrease in the concentration of ammonium nitrogen was observed. The decrease in the concentration of ammonium is most likely due to the nitrification, the increase is due to the release of waste products, as well as the length of time between their release by shellfish and the moment of taking a water sample for analysis. The obtained data allow us to conclude that there is a low probability of a negative effect of ammonium nitrogen released by mussels on the movement of their valves in the conditions of the experiment. The possibility of influencing the behavioral reactions of mussels of nitrites and nitrates, as products of ammonium nitrification, is to be determined in further studies.

Keywords: juvenile mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis, ammonium nitrogen, food deficiency, Black Sea.

To quote: Kazankova, I.I., and M.M. Bayrite. “Аnalisis of the Changes in the Concentration of Ammonium Nitrogen in Water with the Young Mussels Contained in Aeriated Non-Flowing Conditions in Food Insufficiency.” Monitoring Systems of Environment no. 4 (December 24, 2020): 86–92. doi:10.33075/2220-5861-2020-4-86-92.

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