On monitoring the hydrological and hydrochemical regime of the Black Sea waters

by

A.A. Valle

 Institute of Natural and Technical Systems, RF, Sevastopol, Lenin St., 28

E-mail: ogorodovaa.a@mail.ru

DOI: 10.33075/2220-5861-2021-4-5-13

UDC 551.465 (262.5)

Abstract:

   This article describes the main facts and milestones in the development of methods for monitoring the hydrological and hydrochemical state of the Black Sea waters from the 19th century to the present day. In the 19th century, episodic observations of the state of the Black Sea began due to accompanying ship measurements, as well as those made at sea coastal stations. Regular observations of the hydrological and hydrochemical regime of the Black Sea waters began in the mid-1950s. The largest number of measurements were made from the early 1980s to the end of the 1990s. Since the late 1990s, oceanographic surveys almost stopped. The amount of hydrological and hydrochemical information during that period decreased due to economic difficulties, reaching the level of the 1920s.

   It is shown that the modern understanding of the hydrological and hydrochemical processes of this unique sea basin has resulted from the intensive work of many oceanographers over the past centuries. Special attention is paid to monitoring the oxygen regime of the Black Sea.

   From the middle of the 20th century to the present, regular monitoring of the hydrological and hydrochemical state of the Black Sea has been carried out due to such data collection systems as: research vessels, integrated coastal observations (coastal stations and ship sections, as well as surveys in the coastal zone), stationary platforms, free-drifting buoys. The development of remote monitoring of the hydrological and hydrochemical characteristics of the Black Sea using free-drifting buoys provided the creation of a system of monitoring the state of the Black Sea, which is a great achievement of the modern oceanography of the Black Sea.

Keywords: oceanography of the Black Sea, methods of environmental control, oxygen regime.

To quote: Valle, A.A., 2021. ON MONITORING THE HYDROLOGICAL AND HYDROCHEMICAL REGIME OF THE BLACK SEA WATERS. Monitoring systems of environment, (4), pp.5–13. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.33075/2220-5861-2021-4-5-13.

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