Adaptation of modern methods of instrumental biotesting for studying the toxicity of aromatic hydrocarbons

by

A.V. Smirnov, P.V. Manakhova, О.K. Tishkova, А.S. Kovalevskaya

Saint-Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”

RF, Saint-Petersburg, Popova St., 5

E-mail: andreismirnov5000@gmail.com

DOI: 10.33075/2220-5861-2025-2-111-119

UDC 504.064.38                                                        

EDN: https://elibrary.ru/ywtzdo

Abstract:     

Biotesting is a qualitative analysis of environments and individual compounds in terms of the hazard (toxicity) of the objects of study for human health and ecosystems. In biotesting, protozoa are most widely used as test organisms due to a number of advantages that allow for rapid analysis, and, most importantly, due to the similarity of the organisms’ reactions with the reactions of higher-level organisms and humans in particular. This article is aimed to obtain a picture of the toxicity of aromatic hydrocarbons using the most common methods based on the chemotactic reaction of the ciliate Paramecium caudatum Ehrenberg and the bioluminescent reaction of the test system “Ecolum”. The study is a continuation of the analysis of the applicability of the methods for the case of poorly soluble compounds. The possibility of changing the sample preparation process based on the use of distilled water to obtain an aqueous extract from the object under study for further analysis according to the approved investigation methods is studied This study proposes replacing the extractant with a 1% acetone solution. According to the data obtained and comparison with data from previous studies, a conclusion was made about the need to use a 1% acetone solution as an extractant for poorly soluble compounds.

Keywords: wastewater, aromatic hydrocarbons, toxicity, biotesting, Paramecium caudatum, «Ecolum»

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