Alexander B. Polonsky

Corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, doctor of geographical sciences, professor, scientific director of FSBSE “Institute of Natural and Technical Systems”

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   In 1973, A.B. Polonsky graduated with honors from the Odessa Hydrometeorological Institute with a degree in Oceanology. From 1973 to 1976, he worked on assignment in the Hydrographic Service of the BSN in Sevastopol, later he started working at the Marine Hydrophysical Institution, with simultaneous enrolling in PhD graduate studies at the Hydrometeorological Center of the USSR. After successful completing PhD graduate studies, A. B. Polonsky defended his PhD thesis in the specialty “Geophysics”, and in 1991 he defended his doctoral dissertation in the specialty”Oceanology”. In 1999, he was awarded the title of Professor in the specialty “Oceanology”. In 2009, he was elected a corresponding member of the national Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, and in 2016-a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Thus, A. B. Polonsky has been working in the Academy of Sciences for more than 40 years.

   A. B. Polonsky research interests cover such key problems of modern oceanology, geophysical hydrodynamics and climatology as global changes in the natural environment and climate of both anthropogenic and natural origin, regional changes in hydrometeorological fields related to global climate processes in the ocean-atmosphere system, global and regional oceanic circulation and water dynamics. A. B. Polonsky is the author and co-author of more than 450 scientific national and foreign publications, including 7 monographs.

The main results of A. B. Polonsky scientific activity within the framework of the listed areas are as follows:

1. Global changes in the state of the natural environment and climate.

     Under this area of research, A. B. Polonsky focused on the relative role of natural and anthropogenic factors that determine the variability of the global climate system. He showed a crucial role of the World Ocean in the formation of the observed long-period variability of this system with characteristic time scales from 50 to 100 years, and studied the influence of various mechanisms of large-scale ocean- atmosphere interaction on the global climate.

2. Regional changes in hydrometeorological fields resulting from global climate processes in the ocean-atmosphere system.

   Research in this area is mainly concerned with the study of regional manifestations of such global climate phenomena as the El Nino-Southern oscillation, the Arctic and North Atlantic oscillations, the Atlantic multi-decadal oscillation, and the Pacific decadal oscillation. It is these processes in the ocean-atmosphere system that form the physical and geographical features of climate change on the globe.
It is shown that the Arctic and North Atlantic oscillations are responsible for the main part of the dispersion of hydrometeorological characteristics of the Atlantic-European region. At the same time, Pacific phenomena such as El Nino and decadal oscillation also cause significant changes in the climatic conditions of the European region. The combined influence of these factors results in the formation of extreme hydrometeorological conditions, including floods and droughts.

3. Global and regional ocean circulation and dynamics of the Black Sea waters.

     For many years, A. B. Polonsky has been studying the physical and geographical features of the global ocean circulation, which is responsible for long-period climate changes on the globe. He is the first to describe the main features of the Tropical Atlantic circulation that form the meridional heat transport to the subtropical regions of the North Atlantic, as well as characteristics of the seasonal cycle of the Equatorial countercurrent system in the Atlantic and Indian oceans. A significant part of the results was obtained by him personally in the course of expeditionary studies in the regions of the World Ocean mentioned above. A. B. Polonsky comprehensively investigated the contribution of synoptic eddies in the ocean to meridional heat transport. He showed that, despite the intense nature of oceanic eddies in the Northern part of the Tropical Atlantic, they do not significantly contribute to the meridional heat transport compared to synoptic eddies in the atmosphere. He is one of the first scientists in the world to establish that coupled fluctuations in the ocean-atmosphere system in the North and Tropical Atlantic are responsible for climate changes in the Atlantic-European region with a characteristic time scale of several decades. His work made a fundamental contribution to the development of parameterization of the upper mixed layer in models of water circulation in the Equatorial zone of the World Ocean. A. B. Polonsky has been studying the circulation and dynamics of the Black Sea waters for more than 40 years. He has participated in numerous expeditionary studies, the results of which are used as the basis for the creation of the Black Sea databases. Long-term trends in changes in the circulation and structure of the Black Sea waters are currently being studied using the generated information arrays.

     Currently, A. B. Polonsky is the Editor-in-Chief of the journal “Environmental Control Systems”, a member of the Editorial Board of the journal “Proceedings of the Hydrometeorological Center”. He is one of the experts involved in the development of various short -term, medium-term and long-term oceanographic programs and projects. The expert of IPCC.

     A. B. Polonsky pays great attention to the training of highly qualified scientific personnel. Under his scientific supervision, 10 PhD theses were prepared and successfully defended. Two of his pupils became doctors of science. Currently, he is the scientific supervisor of five applicants for the degree of candidate of sciences. He lectures to students of Sevastopol State University and is a professor of the Sevastopol Branch of the Lomonosov Moscow State University.

A. B. Polonsky main publications for the last 25 years:

  1. A.B. Polonsky, M.A. Muzyleva. Modern spatiotemporal variability of upwelling in the northwestern part of the Black Sea and off the coast of Crimea. News of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Geographical series, 2016, issue 4, pp.96-108.
  2. A.B. Polonsky, Sukhonos P.A. Assessment of the components of the thermal balance of the upper quasi-homogeneous layer in the North Atlantic. News of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Physics of the Atmosphere and Ocean, 2016, volume 52, No. 6, pp. 729-739.
  3. Basharin, A.Polonsky, Stankunavicius G. Projected precipitation and air temperature over Europe using a performance-based selection method of CMIP5 GCMs. Water and Climate Change, 2016, V.7(1), pp.103-113. doi:10.2166/wcc.2015.081.
  4. A.B. Polonsky, Sukhonos P.A. Intra-annual changes in the heat budget of the upper quasi-homogeneous layer of the ocean in the North Atlantic. Fundamental and Applied Climatology, No.1 2016, pp.11-27. DOI:10.21513/2410-8758-2016-1-11-27.
  5. E.A. Averyanova, A.B.Polonsky, Sannikov V.F. Modeling of the features of the modern thermohaline circulation of the North Atlantic using a box model. Izvestia RAS. Ser. Physics of the atmosphere and ocean. 2017, vol.53, No.3, pp.406-414.
  6. A.B.Polonsky, A.A. Kotolupova. On the long-period variability of oxygen dissolved in the waters of the Black Sea. Reports of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2017, vol.176, No.2, pp.228-232. DOI: 10.7868/S0869565217260231.
  7. Polonsky., D.Basharin. How strong is the impact of the Indo-Ocean Dipole on the surface air temperature/sea level pressure anomalies in the Mediterranean region? Global and Planetary Change, 2017. Vol.151, pp.101-107. DOI: 10.1016/ J.gloplacha.2016.11. 00714.
  8. E.A. Averyanova, A.B. Polonsky. Abrupt climatic changes in the past and their connection with the regimes of meridional circulation in the Atlantic Ocean. Fundamental and Applied Climatology, No. 1, 2017, pp.20-53. DOI: 10.21513/2410-8758-2017-1-20-53.
  9. A.B. Polonsky, Sukhonos P.A. Variability of the shear stress of wind friction, the field of currents and their vorticity in the North Atlantic. News of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The series is geographical. – 2017. No. 1. pp. 62-73.
  10. A.B. Polonsky, Sukhonos P.A. Interannual changes in the components of the heat budget of the upper layer of the North Atlantic in different seasons. Izvestia RAS. Ser. Physics of the atmosphere and ocean. 2017, vol.53, No. 4, pp.523-531.
  11. A.B. Polonsky, A.N. Serebrennikov. Interannual and intra-monthly fluctuations of the wind field and ocean surface temperature in the West African upwelling zone according to satellite data. Earth Studies from Space, 2017, No.5, pp.14-19.
  12. A.B. Polonsky, Krasheninnikova S.B., Basharin D.V. The inter-decade variability of drift meridional heat and mass transfers in the North Atlantic and its relationship with the Atlantic multi-decade oscillation. Meteorology and hydrology. 2017, №10, c.46-56.
  13. A.B. Polonsky. Response in the fields of surface air temperature, pressure and precipitation of the Eurasian region to the Indian Ocean dipole. Environmental Control Systems No.11 (31), 2018, pp.83-89 DOI: 10.33075/2220-5861-2018-1-83-89.
  14. A.B. Polonsky, Melnikova E.B., Serebrennikov A.N., Tokarev Yu.N. Regional features of the luminescence intensity of hydrobionts and chlorophyll-a in the waters of the Black Sea. Optics of the Atmosphere and Ocean, No. 4, 2018, pp.275-281.
  15. A.B. Polonsky, A.N. Serebrennikov. Long-term trends in ocean surface temperature changes in the Canary Upwelling zone and their causes. Earth Studies from Space, 2018, No.3, pp. 93-100.
  16. V.Polonsky., Sukhonos P.A. Mechanisms Accounting for Interannual Variability of Advective Heat Transport in the North Atlantic Upper Layer. V. Karev et al. (Eds): Physical and Mathematical Modeling of Earth and Environment Processes, SPRINGERGEOL, pp. 62–70, 2018 doi.org/10. 1007/978-3-319-77788-7_8.
  17. A.B. Polonsky, Sukhonos P.A. On the mechanism of formation of temperature anomalies in the upper layer of the North Atlantic. Oceanology, 2018, vol.58, No. 5, pp.709-718.
  18. A.B. Polonsky, Drobosyuk N.S. About sharp drops in the surface temperature of the Black Sea according to long-term satellite observations. Environmental Control Systems No.13 (33), 2018, pp. 42-49 DOI: 10.33075/2220-5861-2018-3-42-49.
  19. A.B. Polonsky, Sukhonos P.A. On the contribution of vortex transport to the average annual heat budget of the upper layer of the North Atlantic. Izvestia RAS. Ser. Physics of the atmosphere and ocean. 2018, vol.54, No. 5, pp.597-606.
  20. A.B. Polonsky, Torbinsky A.V. Assessment of the influence of the Indo-Pacific dipole on the summer runoff of the Danube River. Environmental Control Systems No.4 (34), 2018, pp. 89-93 DOI:10. 33075/2220-5861-2018-4-89-93.
  21. A.B. Polonsky, E.A.Grebneva. Long-period variability of the hydrogen index in the Black Sea. Reports of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2019, vol.486, No. 4, pp.90-95.
  22. A.B.Polonsky, A.A. Kotolupova. Long-period variability of oxygen and water temperature of the upper layer of the Black Sea. Oceanology, 2019, vol.59, No. 1, pp. 23-33.
  23. Polonsky. The Ocean’s Role in Climate Change. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Newcastle, UK, 2019, 294 p. (The monograph received the international Atmospheric Science Librarians International Choice Honorable Mention Award for 2019, as one of the best in the field of atmospheric sciences and climatology and was republished in 2021).
  24. A.B.Polonsky, A.N. Serebrennikov. On the change in ocean surface temperature in the Bengel arwelling zone. Part 1: Seasonal cycle. Earth Exploration from Space, 2019, No. 3, pp.33-44.
  25. A.B.Polonsky, A.N. Serebrennikov. On the change in ocean surface temperature in the Bengel upwelling zone. Part 2: Long-term trends.Earth Studies from Space, 2019, No.4, pp.29-39.
  26. V.Polonsky., Sukhonos P.A. The Role of Wind Forcing in the Interannual Variability of Upper Layer Heat Balance Components in the North Atlantic. V. Karev et al. (Eds): Physical and Mathematical Modeling of Earth and Environment Processes, SPEES, 2019, pp. 51-62. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-11533-3_6.
  27. A.B. Polonsky, Melnikova E.B., Serebrennikov A.N. Features of the variability of the glow of the plankton community in the coastal zone of the Black Sea in the spring and autumn periods. Optics of the atmosphere and ocean, vol. 32 No.8, 2019. DOI: 10.15372/AOO201908.
  28. A.B.Polonsky, A.N. Serebrennikov. Intensification of the eastern boundary upwelling systems in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Meteorology and Hydrology, 2020, No. 5, pp. 86-95.
  29. A.B.Polonsky, A.N. Serebrennikov. Intensification of large-scale upwelling in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans under modern climatic conditions. Reports of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2020, vol.492, No. 2, pp.105-110.
  30. A.B.Polonsky, P.A.Sukhonos. On the influence of the North Atlantic oscillation on the thermal balance of the upper layer of the North Atlantic. Meteorology and Hydrology, 2020, No. 9, pp. 27-36.
  31. A.B.Polonsky, A.M.Novikova. Long-period variability of the characteristics of the cold intermediate layer in the Black Sea and its causes. Meteorology and Hydrology, 2020, No. 10, pp. 29-37.
  32. A.B.Polonsky. Climate change: Myths and reality. Monograph, Institute of Natural and Technical Systems, Sevastopol, 2020, 223 S.
  33. A.B.Polonsky, M.E.Pekarnikova. Anthropogenic climate changes and international legal activities to mitigate their consequences. Part 1: From the UN Framework Convention to the Paris Agreement. State and Law No.4, 2021, pp. 104-113 DOI: 10.31857/S102694520012719-1.
  34. M.E.Pekarnikova, A.B.Polonsky. Anthropogenic climate changes and international legal activities to mitigate their consequences. Part 2: Implementation of climate legal acts at the present stage and their prospects. State and Law No.5, 2021, pp. 118-124 DOI: 10.31857/S102694520012784-3.
  35. V.Polonsky, Sukhonos P.A. North Atlantic Oscillation and Interannual Mixed-Layer Heat Balance Variability in the North Atlantic. Processes in Geo-Media. 2021. Vol. III. P. 63-69. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69040-3_7.
  36. A.B.Polonsky, A.N. Serebrennikov. Long-period trends in the intensity of eastern boundary upwelling systems according to various satellite data. Part 1: Atlantic upwelling. Earth Research from Space, 2021, No. 5, pp.31-45.
  37. A.B.Polonsky, A.N. Serebrennikov. Long-period trends in the intensity of eastern boundary upwelling systems according to various satellite data. Part 2: Pacific upwelling. Earth Exploration from Space, 2021, No. 6, pp. 39-49.
  38. V.Polonsky, A.V. Torbinsky. The IOD-ENSO Interaction: The Role of the Indian Ocean Current’s System. Atmosphere, 2021, v.12, 1662 https:// doi.org/10.3390/atmos12121662.
  39. A.B.Polonsky, A.A.Valle. Features of seasonal variability of hydrological and hydrochemical characteristics of subsurface waters of the northwestern part of the Black Sea. Environmental Control Systems No.2 (44), 2021, pp. 7-15 DOI:10.33075/2220-5861-2021-2-7-15.
  40. A.B.Polonsky, E.A.Grebneva. Decomposition of a time series of pH values of surface waters of the deep-water part of the Black Sea according to archival data of the second half of the XX century. Environmental Control Systems No.2 (44), 2021, pp. 29-38 DOI:10.33075/2220-5861-2021-2-29-38.
  41. E.A. Averyanova, A.V. Gubarev, A.B.Polonsky. The influence of the North Atlantic and East Atlantic oscillations on the vorticity of the tangential friction stress of the wind over the Black Sea. Meteorology and Hydrology, No.1 2022, pp. 24-35 DOI:10.52002/0130-2906-2022-1-24-35.
  42. A.B.Polonsky, A.B. Fedotov. Changes in the characteristics of internal fluctuations of the oceanic circulation under conditions of global warming. Reports of the Russian Academy of Sciences, vol.504, No.1, 2022, pp.91-96.
  43. Zhang Ru, Song Jun, A. Polonsky et al. The spring-neap variability and mechanisms of long-term variations in the upwelling at the tip of Liaodong Peninsula, China. Regional Studies in Marine Science, 2022, doi: https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2022.1
  44. Polonsky. Editorial for the Special Issue “Atmospheric Teleconnection”. Atmosphere, 2023, v.14 (1), p.9 https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14010009.
  45. A.B.Polonsky. A.N.Serebrennikov. On the mechanism of a sharp decrease in surface temperature in the northwestern part of the Black Sea and off the coast of Crimea. Meteorology and Hydrology, 2023, No.2, pp. 31-40 DOI:10.52002/0130-2906-2023-2-31-40.

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