Patterns of spatial organization of vegetation of sea shores

I.V. Agarkova-Lyakh

 Institute of Natural and Technical Systems, RF, Sevastopol, Lenin St., 28

E-mail: iva_crimea@mail.ru

DOI: 10.33075/2220-5861-2023-1-27-37

UDC 551.468.1+504.732 (262.5+477.75)                                                                                            

Abstract:

   The role of tidal activity and salinization of the environment as factors limiting the development of vegetation on the seashore is highlighted. The species structure and location of plant communities have been found to be determined by the nature of beach sediments and the width of the beach; lithological composition, height, exposure and steepness of coastal slopes or cliffs; features of the coastal relief; distance from the sea.

   It is shown that stressful living conditions on the shore result in a variety of adaptations of plant species, their life forms and development paths in ontogenesis, variations in biometric and population indicators, etc. Ultimately, the view of the seashore plants growing at the seashores is significantly different from the same species living not by the sea.

   Qualitative and quantitative changes in the structure and location of vegetation occurring with a distance from the coastline and a decrease in the depressing effect of the sea on biota are revealed. Thus, in qualitative terms, there is a change in the life forms and species of plants, the composition of communities and the role of halophytes; in quantitative terms, increase in plant height, species diversity and projective coverage are observed. The combination of these changes forms microzonality or zonality in the horizontal location of vegetation.

   A comparative analysis of the development of vegetation on the Crimean shores shows higher species diversity and projective coverage on the accumulative shores due to the greater width of the beaches and distance from the sea, as well as barrier-free migration of plants from the adjacent land. The form of spatial location of vegetation on accumulative banks is characterized by areal, on abrasive – areal and linear development.

Keywords: pseudo- and supralittoral, vegetation oppression, microzonality, species diversity, projective coating, accumulative and abrasive shores, Black Sea coast of Crimea.

To quote: 

Full text in PDF(RUS)

REFERENCES

  1. Korzhenevskij V.V. and Kljukin A.A. Rastitel’nost’ abrazionnyh i akkumuljativnyh form rel’efa morskih poberezhij i ozer Kryma (Vegetation of abrasion and accumulative landforms of seashores and lakes of Crimea). Dep, Jalta: NBS, 1990, 108 p.
  2. Bondareva L.V. Rastitel’nost’ pribrezhnoj zony Geraklejskogo poluostrova (Vegetation of the coastal zone of the Heraclea Peninsula). Sbornik nauchnyh trudov GNBS, 2019, Vol. 149, pp. 41–54.
  3. Mil’chakova N.A., Aleksandrov V.V., Bondareva L.V., Pankeeva T.V., and Chernysheva E.B. Morskie ohranjaemye akvatorii Kryma (Marine protected areas of the Crimea). Nauchnyj spravochnik, Sevastopol’-Simferopol’: N. Orianda, 2015, 312 p.
  4. https://www.plantarium.ru.
  5. http://www.theplantlist.org.
  6. Mokievsky O.B. Fauna ryhlyh gruntov litorali zapadnyh beregov Kryma (Fauna of loose soils of the littoral of the western shores of the Crimea). Trudy Instituta Okeanologii AN SSSR, 1949, Vol. 4, pp. 124–159.
  7. Kopij V.G. and Bondarenko L.V. Atlas obitatelej psevdolitorali Azovo-Chernomorskogo poberezh’ja Kryma (Atlas of the inhabitants of the pseudo-urals of the Azov-Black Sea coast of Crimea). Sevastopol’: FIC InBJuM, 2020, 120 p.
  8. Sadogurskaja S.A., Belich T.V., and Sadogurskij S.E. Cyanoprokaryota ehpilitona supralitorali morskih beregov Krymskogo poluostrova (Cyanoprokaryota of the supralithoral epiliton Sea shores of the Crimean Peninsula), Cianoprokarioty/cianobakterii: sistematika, ehkologiya, rasprostranenie (Cyanoprokaryotes/Cyanobacteria: Systematics, ecology, distribution), Proc. 2nd International Scientific School-Conference, Syktyvkar: IB FITC Komi NC UrO RAS, 2019, pp. 49–54.
  9. Agarkova-Ljah I.V., Frolova K.V., and Ljah A.M. Adaptacii beregovoj rastitel’nosti k jekologicheskim uslovijam kontaktnoj zony «susha-more» (Adaptation of coastal vegetation to ecological conditions of the contact zone “land-sea”). Sistemy kontrolja okruzhajushhej sredy, 2022, No. 2 (48), pp. 73–83. DOI: 10.33075/2220-5861-2022-2-73-83.
  10. Sergienko L.A. and Focusov A.V. Cenopopulyacionnaya struktura Plantago maritima L (Podorozhnik morskoj, sem. Plantaginaceae Podorozhnikovye) v primorskih ehkosistemah zapadnogo poberezhya Belogo morya (Cenopopulation structure of Plantago maritima L (Sea plantain, sem. Plantaginaceae Plantain) in the coastal ecosystems of the Western Coast of the White Sea). Problems of modern science and education, 2015, No. 31, pp. 12–14.
  11. Butov I.V. Litoral’naya flora ostrovov Maloj Kuril’skoj gryady (Littoral flora of the islands of the Little Kuril ridge. Cand. biol. sci. thesis), Vladivostok, 2016, 223 p.
  12. Zaslavskaya N.V. Flora i rastitelnost zasolennyh primorskih ehkotopov zapadnogo poberezhya Belogo morya: Diss. kand. biol. nauk (Flora and vegetation of saline coastal ecotopes of the Western coast of the White Sea. Cand. biol. sci. thesis), Petrozavodsk, 2007, 193 p.
  13. Alejnikova A.M., Lipka O.N., and Krylenko M.V. Landshaftnaja struktura beregovyh obryvov chernomorskogo poberezh’ja Kavkaza (Landscape structure of coastal cliffs of the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus). Vestnik RUDN, Serija: Jekologija i bezopasnost’ zhiznedejatel’nosti, 2019, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 298–306.
  14. Korzhenevskaja Ju.V. Akkumuljacionno-denudacionnye processy kak faktor cenozoobrazovanija (na primere nekotoryh rastit. soobshhestv Kryma): Diss. kand. biolog. nauk (Accumulation-denudation processes as the factor of formation of cenoses (by the example of some plant communities of the Crimea. Сand. biol. sci. thesis), Yalta, 1999, 19 p.
  15. Makalova P.G., Papunov V.G., and Petrushina M.N. Landshaftnaja struktura beregovoj zony poluostrova Abrau (Landscape structure of the coastal zone of the Abrau peninsula), Landshaftovedenie: teorija, metody, landshaftno-jekologicheskoe obespechenie prirodopol’zovanija i ustojchivogo razvitija (Landscape studies: theory, methods, landscape and ecological support of nature management and sustainable development), Proc. XIIth International Landscape Conference: in 3 volumes, Tyumen: Tyumen State University, 2017, pp. 211–216.
  16. Silvestri S., Defina A., and Marani M. Tidal regime, salinity and salt marshplant zonation. Estuarine. Coastal and Shelf Science, 2005, No. 62, pp. 119–130.
  17. Pennings S.C., Grant M.B., and Bertness M.D. Plant zonation inlow-latitude salt marshes: disentangling the roles of flooding, salinity and competition. Journal of Ecology, 2005, No. 3. pp. 159–167.
  18. Golub V.B. and Sokolov D.D. Primorskaya rastitelnost Vostochnoj Evropy (Coastal vegetation of Eastern Europe). Uspekhi sovremennoj biologii, 1998, Vol. 118, No. 6, pp. 728–742.
  19. Sanchez J.M., Izco J., and Medrano M.J. Relationships between vegetation zonation and altitude in a salt-marsh system in northwest Spain. Journal of Vegetation Science, 1996, Vol. 7(5), pp. 695–702.
  20. Molinier R. Etude des biocoenoses marines du Cap Corse. Vegetatio (Den Haag), 1960, Vol. 9, pp. 121–312.

Loading